It seems the underlying libsamplerate is limited to 128 channels in the input.
# This succeeds.
data_succeeds = np.random.randn(44100, 128)
samplerate.resample(data_succeeds, 16_000 / 44_100)
# This fails with exception:
# samplerate.exceptions.ResamplingError: Channel count must be >= 1.
data_fails = np.random.randn(44100, 129)
samplerate.resample(data_fails, 16_000 / 44_100)