This repository contains a curated list of resources on graph-enhanced large language models (Graph4LLM).
The link to the paper is as follows: Are Graphs Useful for LLMs? A Comprehensive Survey of Graph-Enhanced Large Language Models
This paper presents a systematic and pipeline-oriented survey of Graph4LLM. We categorize existing Graph4LLM methods according to the three core phases of the LLM pipeline: input phase, where graphs structure prompts and incorporate external knowledge; model phase, where graphs guide internal computation or multi-agent coordination; and output phase, where graphs support structured reasoning, planning and verification. For each phase, we conduct a detailed review of key methods and their design trade-offs, further elaborate on the broad application scenarios of Graph4LLM in general tasks and specific domains, and finally outline the critical challenges and promising future research directions for this field.
- Awesome-Graph4LLM
- (ACL 2024) ChatKBQA: A Generate-then-Retrieve Framework for Knowledge Base Question Answering [Paper]
- (CIKM 2024) A GAIL Fine-Tuned LLM Enhanced Framework for Low-Resource Knowledge Graph Question Answering [Paper]
- (AAAI-MAKE 2024) GLaM: Fine-Tuning Large Language Models for Domain Knowledge Graph Alignment via Neighborhood Partitioning and Generative Subgraph Encoding [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) Knowledge Graph Finetuning Enhances Knowledge Manipulation in Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ESWA 2025) Exploiting knowledge graph communities to fine-tune large language models [Paper]
- (NLRSE 2023) Knowledge-Augmented Language Model Prompting for Zero-Shot Knowledge Graph Question Answering [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2023) StructGPT: A General Framework for Large Language Model to Reason over Structured Data [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) MindMap: Knowledge Graph Prompting Sparks Graph of Thoughts in Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) Simple is Effective: The Roles of Graphs and Large Language Models in Knowledge-Graph-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation [Paper]
- (ICLR 2024) Think-on-Graph: Deep and Responsible Reasoning of Large Language Model on Knowledge Graph [Paper]
- (ICLR 2024) Reasoning on Graphs: Faithful and Interpretable Large Language Model Reasoning [Paper]
- (AAAI 2024) Mitigating Large Language Model Hallucinations via Autonomous Knowledge Graph-Based Retrofitting [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) GNN-RAG: Graph Neural Retrieval for Large Language Model Reasoning [Paper]
- (ArXiv 2024) From Local to Global: A GraphRAG Approach to Query-Focused Summarization [Paper]
- (ICLR 2024) RAPTOR: Recursive Abstractive Processing for Tree-Organized Retrieval (RAPTOR) [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) LightRAG: Simple and Fast Retrieval-Augmented Generation [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2024) G-Retriever: Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Textual Graph Understanding and Question Answering [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2024) HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ICML 2025) HippoRAG2: From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Models [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2025) GFM-RAG: Graph Foundation Model for Retrieval Augmented Generation [Paper]
- (AAAI 2026) PathRAG: Pruning Graph-Based Retrieval Augmented Generation with Relational Paths [Paper]
- (ICLR 2026) LinearRAG: Linear Graph Retrieval Augmented Generation on Large-scale Corpora [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) GraphReader: Building Graph‑based Agent to Enhance Long‑Context Abilities of Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) Large Language Models Can Learn Temporal Reasoning [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) Reasoning with Graphs: Structuring Implicit Knowledge to Enhance LLMs Reasoning [Paper]
- (PAKDD 2025) GRL‑Prompt: Towards Knowledge Graph based Prompt Optimization via Reinforcement Learning [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2024) Structure Guided Prompt: Instructing Large Language Model in Multi‑Step Reasoning by Exploring Graph Structure of the Text [Paper]
- (MM 2023) Making Large Language Models Perform Better in Knowledge Graph Completion [Paper]
- (COLING 2025) Filter‑then‑Generate: Large Language Models with Structure‑Text Adapter for Knowledge Graph Completion [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2024) GraphAdapter: Tuning Vision‑Language Models With Dual Knowledge Graph [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2023) MolCA: Molecular Graph‑Language Modeling with Cross‑Modal Projector and Uni‑Modal Adapter [Paper]
- (ICLR 2026) Graph Tokenization for Bridging Graphs and Transformers [Paper]
- (ICLR 2022) GreaseLM: Graph REASoning Enhanced Language Models [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2021) GraphFormers: GNN‑nested Transformers for Representation Learning on Textual Graph [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2022) Graph‑Induced Transformers for Efficient Multi‑Hop Question Answering[Paper]
- (ACL 2024) GNNAVI: Navigating the Information Flow in Large Language Models by Graph Neural Network [Paper]
- (ACL 2024 Findings) KG‑Adapter: Enabling Knowledge Graph Integration in Large Language Models through Parameter‑Efficient Fine‑Tuning (KG‑Adapter) [Paper]
- (ACL 2023) Patton: Language Model Pretraining on Text‑Rich Networks (Patton) [Paper]
- (LOG 2025) FLORA: GNNs as Predictors of Agentic Workflow Performances [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) Scaling Large Language Model‑based Multi‑Agent Collaboration [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2023) CAMEL: Communicative Agents for “Mind” Exploration of Large Language Model Society [Paper]
- (AAAI 2026) S‑DAG: A Subject‑Based Directed Acyclic Graph for Multi‑Agent Heterogeneous Reasoning [Paper]
- (AAAI 2024) TAPE: Leveraging Agent Topology for Cooperative Multi‑Agent Policy Gradient [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) Cut the Crap: An Economical Communication Pipeline for LLM‑based Multi‑Agent Systems [Paper]
- (ICML 2024) GPTSwarm: Language Agents as Optimizable Graphs [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) AMAS: Adaptively Determining Communication Topology for LLM‑based Multi‑Agent System [Paper]
- (COLM 2024) A Dynamic LLM‑Powered Agent Network for Task‑Oriented Agent Collaboration [Paper]
- (ICLR 2026) Graph‑of‑Agents: A Graph‑based Framework for Multi‑Agent LLM Collaboration [Paper]
- (ICLR 2026) CARD: Towards Conditional Design of Multi‑Agent Topological Structures [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2025) AgentNet: Decentralized Evolutionary Coordination for LLM‑based Multi‑Agent Systems [Paper]
- (NACCL 2025) THOUGHTSCULPT: Reasoning with Intermediate Revision and Search [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) RATT: A Thought Structure for Coherent and Correct LLM Reasoning [Paper]
- (AAAI 2024) Graph of Thoughts: Solving Elaborate Problems with Large Language Models [Paper]
- (BigData 2024) Graph of Logic: Enhancing LLM Reasoning with Graphs and Symbolic Logic [Paper]
- (TMLR 2025) Cumulative Reasoning with Large Language Models [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2023) Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ICLR 2024) Skeleton‑of‑Thought: Prompting LLMs for Efficient Parallel Generation [Paper]
- (ICML 2024) Language Agent Tree Search Unifies Reasoning, Acting, and Planning in Language Models [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) Everything of Thoughts: Defying the Law of Penrose Triangle for Thought Generation [Paper]
- (ICML 2025) Policy Guided Tree Search for Enhanced LLM Reasoning [Paper]
- (ACL 2025 Findings) Self‑attention‑based Graph‑of‑Thought for Math Problem Solving [Paper]
- (ICLR 2026) DAG‑Math: Graph‑Guided Mathematical Reasoning in LLMs [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2023) Reasoning with Language Model is Planning with World Model [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2024) Can Graph Learning Improve Planning in LLM‑based Agents? [Paper]
- (ECCV 2024) ControlLLM: Augment Language Models with Tools by Searching on Graphs [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2024) Plan‑on‑Graph: Self‑Correcting Adaptive Planning of Large Language Model on Knowledge Graphs [Paper]
- (IJAIRR 2024) Consolidating Trees of Robotic Plans Generated Using Large Language Models to Improve Reliability [Paper]
- (NAACL 2025) A Probabilistic Framework for LLM Hallucination Detection via Belief Tree Propagation [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) Enhancing Uncertainty Modeling with Semantic Graph for Hallucination Detection [Paper]
- (ArXiv 2024) Graph‑based Uncertainty Metrics for Long‑form Language Model Outputs [Paper]
- (ArXiv 2024) Graph‑based Confidence Calibration for Large Language Models [Paper]
- (KiL 2024) GraphEval: A Knowledge‑Graph Based LLM Hallucination Evaluation Framework [Paper]
- (TrustNLP 2024) FactAlign: Fact‑Level Hallucination Detection and Classification Through Knowledge Graph Alignment [Paper]
- (AAAI 2026) Assessing Automated Fact‑Checking for Medical LLM Responses with Knowledge Graphs [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) Zero‑resource Hallucination Detection for Text Generation via Graph‑based Contextual Knowledge Triples Modeling [Paper]
- (EACL 2026) FactSelfCheck: Fact‑Level Black‑Box Hallucination Detection for LLMs [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) Semantic‑Eval: A Semantic Comprehension Evaluation Framework for Large Language Models Generation without Training [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) DiagramEval: Evaluating LLM‑Generated Diagrams via Graphs [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) GraphReason: Enhancing Reasoning Capabilities of Large Language Models through a Graph‑Based Verification Approach [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) Mapping the Minds of LLMs: A Graph‑Based Analysis of Reasoning LLMs [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2025) Topology of Reasoning: Understanding Large Reasoning Models through Reasoning Graph Properties [Paper]
- (ISWC 2024) Knowledge Graphs for Enhancing Large Language Models in Entity Disambiguation [Paper]
- (CCKS-IJCKG 2024) An LLM-SPARQL Hybrid Framework for Named Entity Linking and Disambiguation to Wikidata [Paper]
- (ACL 2024 (Findings)) GNNAVI: Navigating the Information Flow in Large Language Models by Graph Neural Network [Paper]
- (AIMSA 2024) Combining Graph NN and LLM for Improved Text-Based Emotion Recognition [Paper]
- (KSEM 2025) SKG-LLM: Enhancing Large Language Models with Sentiment Knowledge Graphs for Fine-Grained Sentiment Analysis [Paper]
- (ACL 2023) GNN-SL: Sequence Labeling Based on Nearest Examples via GNN [Paper]
- (ACL 2022) Cross-domain Named Entity Recognition via Graph Matching [Paper]
- (ECCC 2025) LLM-assisted Graph-RAG Information Extraction from IFC Data [Paper]
- (ACL 2025 (Findings)) GLiM: Integrating Graph Transformer and LLM for Document-Level Biomedical Relation Extraction with Incomplete Labeling [Paper]
- (CIKM 2025) RePooL: Relation-Faceted Graph Pooling with LLM Guidance for Dynamic Span-Aware Information Extraction [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) GDLLM: A Global Distance-aware Modeling Approach Based on Large Language Models for Event Temporal Relation Extraction [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) GRAFT: A Graph-based Flow-aware Agentic Framework for Document-level Machine Translation [Paper]
- (ACL 2024) POMP: Probability-driven Meta-graph Prompter for LLMs in Low-resource Unsupervised Neural Machine Translation [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) Graph of Records: Boosting Retrieval Augmented Generation for Long-context Summarization with Graphs [Paper]
- (TCDS 2024) Adaptive Multidocument Summarization Via Graph Representation Learning [Paper]
- (TSEM 2025) Structured Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Code Generation [Paper]
- (JSS 2024) GRACE: Empowering LLM-based software vulnerability detection with graph structure and in-context learning [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) GALLa: Graph Aligned Large Language Models for Improved Source Code Understanding [Paper]
- (FSE 2024) CodePlan: Repository-Level Coding using LLMs and Planning [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) RepoGraph: Enhancing AI Software Engineering with Repository-level Code Graph [Paper]
- (FORGE 2025) RepoHyper: Search-Expand-Refine on Semantic Graphs for Repository-Level Code Completion [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) CodexGraph: Bridging Large Language Models and Code Repositories via Code Graph Databases [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) LocAgent: Graph-Guided LLM Agents for Code Localization [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2025) Code Graph Model (CGM): A Graph-Integrated Large Language Model for Repository-Level Software Engineering Tasks [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) HeGTa: Leveraging Heterogeneous Graph-enhanced Large Language Models for Few-shot Complex Table Understanding [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) TabGLM: Tabular Graph Language Model for Learning Transferable Representations Through Multi-Modal Consistency Minimization [Paper]
- (TRL @ NeurIPS 2024) RACOON: An LLM-based Framework for Retrieval-Augmented Column Type Annotation with a Knowledge Graph [Paper]
- (COLING 2025) GraphOTTER: Evolving LLM-based Graph Reasoning for Complex Table Question Answering [Paper]
- (NAACL 2025) Hybrid Graphs for Table-and-Text based Question Answering using LLMs [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2025) Plugging schema graph into multi-table qa: A human-guided framework for reducing llm reliance [Paper]
- (COLM 2025) Improving Table Understanding with LLMs and EntityOriented Search [Paper]
- (ISWC 2025) KGSynX: Knowledge Graph and Explainable Feedback Guided LLMs for Synthetic Tabular Data Generation [Paper]
- (EMNLP 2024) Enhancing High-order Interaction Awareness in LLM-based Recommender Model [Paper]
- (WSDM 2025, ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining) Enhancing Collaborative Semantics of Language Model-Driven Recommendations via Graph-Aware Learning [Paper]
- (WSDM 2024) LLMRec: Large Language Models with Graph Augmentation for Recommendation [Paper]
- (KBS 2025) LLM-AGR: Large Language Model Augmented Graph Representation Learning for Recommendation [Paper]
- (SIGIR 2025) CORONA: A Coarse-to-Fine Framework for Graph-based Recommendation with Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ICDM 2025) Reasoning over User Preferences: Knowledge Graph-Augmented LLMs for Explainable Conversational Recommendations [Paper]
- (AAAI 2025) Exploring large language model for graph data understanding in online job recommendations [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) Medical Graph RAG: Evidence-based Medical Large Language Model via Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation [Paper]
- (Bioinformatics 2024) Biomedical knowledge graph-optimized prompt generation for large language models [Paper]
- (KAIS 2025) LLM-KGMQA: large language model-augmented multi-hop question-answering system based on knowledge graph in medical field [Paper]
- (ICLR 2025) Multimodal Large Language Models for Inverse Molecular Design with Retrosynthetic Planning [Paper]
- (Information Fusion 2026) Magic: AN LLM-based multi-agent activated graph-reasoning intelligent collaboration model for liver disease diagnosis [Paper]
- (KDD 2024) Diet-ODIN: A Novel Framework for Opioid Misuse Detection with Interpretable Dietary Patterns [Paper]
- (EMOOCs 2025) Leveraging Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation to Support Learners’ Understanding of Knowledge Concepts in MOOCs [Paper]
- (AIQAM 2024) Cross-data knowledge graph construction for LLM-enabled educational question-answering system: A case study at HCMUT [Paper]
- (MDPI 2025) Synergizing Knowledge Graphs and LLMs: An Intelligent Tutoring Model for Self-Directed Learning [Paper]
- (CAAI 2024) FOKE: A Personalized and Explainable Education Framework Integrating Foundation Models, Knowledge Graphs, and Prompt Engineering [Paper]
- (The Visual Computer 2025) MAS-KCL: knowledge component graph structure learning with large language model-based agentic workflow [Paper]
- (ICCPCT 2025) Adaptive Machine Learning Frameworks Integrating LLMs and Knowledge Graphs for Tailored Education [Paper]
- (ACL 2025) FinRipple: Aligning Large Language Models with Financial Market for Event Ripple Effect Awareness [Paper]
- (ICAIF 2024) FinDKG: Dynamic Knowledge Graphs with Large Language Models for Detecting Global Trends in Financial Markets [Paper]
- (GenAI in Finance 2025) FinCARE: Financial Causal Analysis with Reasoning and Evidence [Paper]
- (GenAI-K 2025) GraphRAG: Leveraging Graph-Based Efficiency to Minimize Hallucinations in LLM-Driven RAG for Finance Data [Paper]
- (ECML PKDD 2024) FinQA: A Training-Free Dynamic Knowledge Graph Question Answering System in Finance with LLM-Based Revision [Paper]
- (DECS 2025) Construction of Financial Risk Assessment Model Based on Text Mining and LLM Architecture [Paper]
- (SECA 2025) Research on Personalized Financial Product Recommendation by Integrating Large Language Models and Graph Neural Networks [Paper]
- (ICIC 2024) Legal-LM: Knowledge Graph Enhanced Large Language Models for Law Consulting [Paper]
- (AIITA 2025s) Law GraphRAG: An Advanced Legal Question-Answering System [Paper]
- (ACIIDS 2025) Knowledge Graph-Based Legal Query System with LLM and Retrieval Augmented Generation [Paper]
- (CSAI 2024) Legal Judgment Prediction with LLM and Graph Contrastive Learning Networks (LLG-Judger) [Paper]
- (MDPI 2024) Construction of Legal Knowledge Graph Based on Knowledge-Enhanced Large Language Models (JKEM) [Paper]
- (Artificial Intelligence and Law 2025) LegisSearch: navigating legislation with graphs and large language models [Paper]
- (DAC 2025) NetTAG: A Multimodal RTL-and-Layout-Aligned Netlist Foundation Model via Text-Attributed Graph [Paper]
- (DAC 2025) CircuitFusion: Multimodal Circuit Representation Learning for Agile Chip Design [Paper]
- (ICCAD 2024) Graph-Based Timing Prediction at Early-Stage RTL Using Large Language Model [Paper]
- (DAC 2025) MOSS: Multi-Modal Representation Learning on Sequential Circuits [Paper]
- (FPGA 2025) SAGE-HLS: Syntax-Aware AST-Guided LLM for High-Level Synthesis Code Generation [Paper]
- (ASP-DAC 2025) RTL++: Graph-enhanced LLM for RTL Code Generation [Paper]
- (ICCAD 2025) SynC-LLM: Generation of Large-Scale Synthetic Circuit Code with Hierarchical Language Models [Paper]
- (DATE 2025) ASPEN: LLM-Guided E-Graph Rewriting for RTL Datapath Optimization [Paper]
- (NeurIPS 2025) Evolving Graph Structured Programs for Circuit Generation with Large Language Models [Paper]
- (ICML 2025) BRIDGES: Bridging Graph Modality and Large Language Models within EDA Tasks [Paper]