fix: Improve media stream error handling using async/await and unified error mapping [WPB-23385]

[EnricoSchw]

WPB-23385 [Web] - Screenshare in connecting status - also the user who shared had secondary device in call

Pull Request

Summary

This PR refactors requestMediaStream to use async/await in order to properly catch and normalize permission-related errors.

• Converted requestMediaStream to async/await
• Wrapped the getMediaStream call in a try/catch
• Mapped PermissionError.TYPE.DENIED to a unified MediaError of type MEDIA_STREAM_PERMISSION
• Preserved existing error behavior for all other error types

---

Security Checklist (required)

• External inputs are validated & sanitized on client and/or server where applicable.
• API responses are validated; unexpected shapes are handled safely (fallbacks or errors).
• No unsafe HTML is rendered; if unavoidable, sanitization is applied and documented where it happens.
• Injection risks (XSS/SQL/command) are prevented via safe APIs and/or escaping.

Accessibility (required)

• I have read and this PR upholds our Accessibility Best Practices.

Standards Acknowledgement (required)

• I have read and this PR upholds our Coding Standards and Tech Radar Choices.

---

Screenshots or demo (if the user interface changed)

Notes for reviewers

• Trade-offs:
• Follow-ups (linked issues):
• Linked PRs (e.g. web-packages):

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 45.45%. Comparing base (f4d9a63) to head (8ef15f2).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on dev.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev   #20505      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   45.45%   45.45%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1638     1638              
  Lines       40378    40378              
  Branches     8340     8340              
==========================================
- Hits        18354    18353       -1     
  Misses      20089    20089              
- Partials     1935     1936       +1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
app_webapp	43.65% <100.00%> (-0.01%)	⬇️
lib_api_client	50.17% <ø> (ø)
lib_core	59.05% <ø> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
...rc/script/repositories/media/MediaStreamHandler.ts	33.33% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[github-actions]

🔗 Download Full Report Artifact

🧪 Playwright Test Summary

• ✅ Passed: 10
• ❌ Failed: 0
• ⏭ Skipped: 4
• 🔁 Flaky: 0
• 📊 Total: 14
• ⏱ Total Runtime: 92.6s (~ 1 min 33 sec)